Communications of the ACM
For Minority College Students, STEM Degrees Pay Big
Credit: CNBC
Minority college students who major in the STEM fields — science, technology, engineering, and math — earn at least 25 percent more than their peers who study humanities or education, according to the results of a new study.
And those who took jobs related to their STEM degrees earned at least 50 percent more than their classmates who majored in humanities or education fields.
"The Earnings Benefits of Majoring in STEM Fields Among High Achieving Minority Students," published in the June issue of Research in Higher Education, followed more than 1,000 Asian and Pacific Islander, Latino, and black students over nine years. The students were scholarship applicants for the Gates Millennium Scholars Program funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which awards grants to highly motivated, low-income minority students.
While minority groups continue to be underrepresented in the STEM fields, the study's researchers believe this will change if students understand how much more money can be earned in those fields.
"The premiums for majoring in STEM fields are huge," says lead author Tatiana Melguizo, associate professor of education with the USC Rossier School of Education. "We need to educate students that if they get a job in a STEM-related occupation, they have an even higher earning premium. Otherwise, students aren't reaping the economic benefit of all the hard work they went through as undergrads."
Overall, Latinos reported the highest average earnings after college — $42,180 annually — relative to the other minority groups. Black students reported earning $35,900 and Asian Pacific Islanders earned $40,261 (data in 2006 dollars).
Latinos majoring in STEM fields also reported the highest earnings among the groups studied: an average of $56,875 per year, higher than the reported average salaries of $39,365 for blacks and $47,530 for Asian Pacific Islanders.
The study's authors say more research must be done to determine whether these discrepancies are attributable to different career preferences among racial/ethnic groups or employers' hiring decisions, as well as the role colleges and universities play in the career and occupational development of minority students.
"Among the high achieving minority students we studied, Latinos not only reported the highest annual earnings overall, but also reported the highest annual earnings among STEM majors," says study co-author Gregory Wolniak, a senior research scientist at the independent research organization NORC at the University of Chicago. "Preliminary findings suggest this may partially be due to Latino students' ability to find jobs related to their major. These findings are encouraging signs that strengthening the pipeline of underrepresented students into STEM careers offers a viable solution to our nation's growing competitiveness problem in engineering and science fields."
Funding for the study was provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Institute for Higher Education Policy.
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