Communications of the ACM
Research Collaboration Aims to Improve Wireless Technology, Smartphones
Tim Sobering of Kansas State University is collaborating on technology to improve smartphones by the reducing interference of its multiple transmitters and receivers.
Credit: Kansas State University
Through a new research partnership, Kansas State University is helping Kansas businesses and the state's economy while improving the technology behind wireless communication systems and smartphones.
Kansas State University's Electronics Design Laboratory and Lawrence-based Avatekh Inc. are solving challenges that are caused by the rapid growth of wireless communications and sophisticated technologies in home, commercial, and industrial environments. The work may help smartphones run faster and have better battery life.
The partnership includes Tim Sobering, director of the university's Electronics Design Laboratory, and Alexei V. Nikitin, founder and the chief science officer of Avatekh. To support their work, the researchers recently received a Phase I Small Business Innovation Research grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation titled "Adaptive analog nonlinear circuits for improving properties of electronic devices."
The researchers are extending and commercializing hardware algorithms that can reduce electronic noise and interference in industrial and consumer products.
"While the majority of wireless communication systems transmit digital information, the actual signals are analog in nature," says Nikitin, a physicist with an interdisciplinary background. "What we have developed and patented are advanced nonlinear algorithms and circuits called adaptive nonlinear differential limiters, or ANDLs, which reduce the impact of noise and interference in a communication channel. What makes ANDLs unique is that they are implemented in the analog portions of transmitters and receivers and operate in real time. The result is an improvement in performance coupled with a reduction in size, complexity, and power consumption when compared to conventional linear analog or digital processing techniques."
The technology may improve smartphones, which are compact packages with multiple radio frequency transmitters and receivers, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, and cellular. While each system uses a different part of the wireless spectrum, the systems can still interfere with each other because they are integrated in a hand-held device. This interference reduces the performance of the smartphone, says Sobering, an electrical engineer with extensive experience in analog hardware design and system engineering.
To improve the operating range, performance, and battery life of smartphones, the researchers are using ANDLs.
"Worldwide and particularly in the United States, the wireless spectrum is crowded and allocating additional communication bands is expensive and sometimes prohibitive," Sobering says. "This crowding adds to the sources of man-made electrical noise that extends beyond conventional transmitters and includes industrial sources as well as electrical equipment and electronics in home and office."
Applications for ANDLs and similar technologies extend beyond wireless communication.
"ANDLs also have the potential for reducing intentional jamming, opening up applications in commercial navigation and military communications," Sobering says. "ANDLs provide improvements when conventional techniques fail, and also enable elegant and inexpensive real-time solutions to the man-made interference problems that may be used in addition, or as a low-cost alternative, to the state-of-art interference mitigation methods."
As more electronics became available in the home and industry for control and monitoring applications, there are more possibilities for electrical interference to cause performance degradation or economic losses. The technology may potentially improve any system where technogenic, or man-made, electrical noise is present, Sobering says.
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