Communications of the ACM
Wearable Tech Alerts Soldiers and Civilians of Risks
Electrodes in the wearable system relay data to a sensor which connects with a remote computer network.
Credit: University at Buffalo
Wearable devices can count the steps you take and the calories you burn. But can they help soldiers in the field? Or prevent someone from having a heart attack?
Researchers at the University at Buffalo and Sentient Science say yes.
Sentient, a sensor and software development company, is working with UB engineering professor Albert H. Titus to create wearable technology that fuses real-time medical and physiological data with computer models. The wearable system would then send personalized alerts indicating when an individual's level of stress, fatigue, and resilience may put them in danger.
The work is funded by a $150,000 grant from the Office of Naval Research's Small Business Technology Transfer program, which enlists small businesses and research institutions to develop technology with military and commercial applications.
"Whether carrying 100 pounds of gear up a mountain or avoiding makeshift bombs, today's soldiers face incredible physical and mental stress," says Titus, professor and chair of UB's Department of Biomedical Engineering. "Our wearable system aims to measure how the body reacts to those challenges and combine that information with algorithms designed to help keep soldiers as safe as possible."
The wireless system, which is under development, will feature a series of electrodes that measure heart rate, brain activity, and other vital signs. The electrodes may be attached to the skin like a Band-Aid or sewn into clothing that hugs the skin — researchers are still deciding the best method.
The electrodes will relay information to a sensor (slightly smaller than a dime, attached to the skin like a patch), which will deliver that information to a remote computer network.
"It's like the hospital when you have a bunch of wires and equipment monitoring a patient. We're taking that technology and compressing it into a lightweight, wireless system," says Jennifer Haggerty, a research scientist and implementations manager at Sentient, and the project's principal investigator.
As the information enters the computer network, it will fuse with Sentient's DigitalClone Live software, which has been validated by NASA and used to test the materials and components in the Hubble telescope, the F-35 fighter jet, wind turbines, and other products.
The software includes complex algorithms that consider things like the terrain, weather, and other environmental information, as well as the soldier's activity level. It will analyze the data and send personalized health alerts to soldiers and, if necessary, emergency medical facilities in the field. The idea is to improve soldiers' cognitive and physical abilities, making them more resilient and less prone to physical and psychological injuries.
In addition to serving the armed forces, the technology has commercial applications as a health-monitoring device. Sentient is exploring how the sensor can be applied to everyday items such as baseball caps. The individual wearing the cap would receive personalized health alerts regarding their risk of suffering a heart attack and other potential danger.
The work is an example of UB partnering with private business to advance research and economic development in Western New York.
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