Communications of the ACM
Drone Catcher: 'robotic Falcon' Can Capture, Retrieve Renegade Drones
Michigan Technological University's drone-catcher shoots a net to capture a 'rogue' drone.
Credit: HIRoLab / YouTube
In January 2015, a Washington, DC, hobbiest accidentally flew his DJI Phantom quadcopter drone over the White House fence and crashed it on the lawn.
Two years earlier, a prankster sent his drone toward German prime minister Angela Merkel during a campaign rally.
Small drones have also proven to be effective tools of mischief that doesn't make the national news, from spying to smuggling to hacking. So when Mo Rastgaar was watching World Cup soccer and heard about snipers protecting the crowd, he doubted that they'd fully understood a drone's potential.
"I thought, 'If the threat is a drone, you really don't want to shoot it down — it might contain explosives and blow up. What you want to do is catch it and get it out of there.'"
So Rastgaar, an associate professor of mechanical engineering at Michigan Technological University, began work on a drone catcher, which could pursue and capture rogue drones that might threaten military installations, air traffic, sporting events — even the White House.
It's a deceptively simple system: a launcher that shoots a big net attached to a large drone by a string. The system can be autonomous, controlled by a ground-based human pilot, or a combination of the two.
After an intruding drone is spotted, the drone catcher takes up the chase and fires the net at it from a distance of up to 40 feet. Because the net is so big and can be deployed so quickly, it can overwhelm even the fastest, most maneuverable small drone.
Once trapped, the intruder doesn't have a chance. (See accompanying video.) "It gets really entangled," Rastgaar says. "It's not going anywhere." Then the net swings down below the drone catcher, which ferries its cargo to a safe location.
"What makes this unique is that the net is attached to our catcher, so you can retrieve the rogue drone or drop it in a designated, secure area," Rastgaar says. "It's like robotic falconry."
Other members of the team who worked on this project are Evandro Ficanha, a research engineer working with Rastgaar, Ph.D. student Guilherme Ribeiro, and recent mechanical engineering graduates Ruiyu Kang and Dean Keithly.
Rastgaar and Ficanha have filed for a patent on this drone catcher system and think that it could have several potential applications, from foiling spy drones, smugglers, and terrorists, to supporting federal regulations.
"The FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] has just announced that drones must be registered, and we think the catcher could help enforce the law by catching unregistered drones," Rastgaar says.
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