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India's R&D Expenditures, Scientific Publications Are On the Rise
India's gross expenditure in R&D has tripled between 2008 and 2018 driven mainly by the government sector, and scientific publications have risen to make the country an international leader, according to the R&D Statistics and Indicators 2019-20 based on India's science and technological survey from the government's Department of Science and Technology.
The report shows that India is ranked third globally in scientific publications behind the United States and China as per the NSF database, and third in the number of Ph.D.s in science & engineering.
Key findings include:
- India's gross expenditure on R&D has increased consistently over the years, nearly tripling from 2007-2008 to 2017-2018.
- India spent 0.7 percent of its GDP on R&D in 2017-2018, compared with the rates of other developing countries such as 1.3 percent for Brazil, 1.1 percent for the Russian Federation, 2.1 percent for China, and 0.8 percent for South Africa.
- Women participation in extramural R&D projects increased to 24 percent in 2016-2017, up from 13 percent in 2000-2001 due to various government initiatives.
- The number of researchers per million population in India increased to 255 in 2017 from 218 in 2015 and 110 in 2000.
- During 2018, India was ranked third, fifth and ninth in scientific publication output as per the NSF, SCOPUS, and SCI database respectively.
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