Communications of the ACM
Man Bests Machine in Two-Week Poker Tourney at Rivers Casino
From left, Bjorn Li, Jason Les, Doug Polk and Dong Kim, the four human players that defeated Carnegie Mellon University's poker program, stand in front of the tournament's leaderboard.
Credit: Michael Henninger/Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
The recently concluded Brains vs. Artificial Intelligence poker tournament pitted four of the world's best online, Heads-Up, No-Limit, Texas Hold 'em poker players against Claudico, a poker program designed by a team of researchers from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). At the end of the two-week tournament, which included 80,000 hands of poker being played, the four professional poker players beat Claudico by a combined theoretical $732,713. In addition, the humans won nine of the 13 days of the tournament.
Although it appears the human players dominated Claudico, when the human win rate is considered, as well as the fact that the total amount wagered over the two weeks of the tournament was $170 million, the $730,000 difference is not so great, notes CMU professor Tuomas Sandholm. "From a statistically significant perspective, it is still a statistical draw," he says.
Although Sandholm believes the small margin of victory indicates a statistical tie, one of the players, Doug Polk, thinks humans still have the edge for now. However, Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence CEO Oren Etzioni believes programs like Claudico eventually will win. "My prediction is that the humans may win today, but they'll lose tomorrow," Etzioni says. "When tomorrow is is not clear."
From Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
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