Communications of the ACM
IBM Researchers Demonstrate the Advantage Quantum Computers Have Over Classical Computers
IBM researchers have proven in a real-world experiment that quantum computers are superior to classical devices.
Credit: Google Quantum Computers/itechhacks
Scientists at IBM have proved quantum computing's superiority to classical computing in miniature, via a microscopic experiment with limited available memory.
The researchers built two limited-space circuits—one quantum and one classical—with just one bit or quantum bit for computation and result storage; the circuits were programmed to find the majority out of three input bits, yielding zero if over half are zero, and one if over half are one.
The IBM team theorized the classical system could not run the algorithm, and it could only complete the task 87.5% of the time even with random Boolean gates added.
The quantum system did not achieve the 100% theoretical success rate, but still beat the classical system with a 93% success rate in the experiment.
The researchers said the experiment is a world-first demonstration of quantum advantage.
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