Communications of the ACM
How AI Completed Beethoven's Unfinished Tenth Symphony
A team of researchers used artificial intelligence to complete Beethoven's unfinished Tenth Symphony.
Credit: Circe Denyer
Computer scientists, music historians, musicologists, and composers collaborated with the startup Playform AI to apply artificial intelligence (AI) to the task of completing Beethoven's unfinished Tenth Symphony.
The researchers taught an AI system Beethoven's entire body of work and his creative process, including the methods he used to develop certain musical forms, how to harmonize a melodic line, how to bridge two sections of music together, how to compose a coda, and how to orchestrate the full composition.
Over a period of more than two years, the research team’s efforts yielded two movements (symphonies typically include four), each more than 20 minutes long.
The release of the full recording of the Tenth Symphony, as well as its world premiere performance in Bonn, Germany, are scheduled for Oct. 9.
From Smithsonian
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